Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are diseases, generally of long duration, that cannot be spread directly from one person to another. However, some NCDs are caused by infections, including cervix cancer (caused by human papillomavirus) and liver cirrhosis (caused by hepatitis B or C infection). Many NCDs share behavioral risk factors, including tobacco smoking and insufficient physical activity. Metabolic risk factors, such as high blood pressure, also increase the risk of noncommunicable diseases. Among the NCDs, cardiovascular diseases and cancers are the most common causes of death.